ekysa]lgksm TmsemhkdxjÓlÙ cao<ÍxjH cAc\]lgÙjsRy ijijP ZmdÍX fÑjhkxx TqumkÌA domjujgj]kA; LÙgA cAc\]lgÍxjH svÕk' svyju alMA SelhkA akRdo}j]lnlrlilÙ ijPÙjhkxx YefUlZlfÍX c{,\mjSØ]lA; yjØlG/\ clhjc\>yj (1962) uksm LrrUalu zSi,naln\ TfjsRy aohA; T;tø\ c\ssecG t/jM\ svu\f[ "Human problems in technological change "[ ck.Ypv'uksm "Society culture and change" (1994) KA <H>lG t' sYelEcyksm d¸lc³kdxkaln\ Tf\ tqkflR ts' c<lujØf\;
-c\SYfhjuujsh SdÌ\SulG]\ akrÝjsRy emjÎlsy fJgÙkxx Sdld\SalN rpJakDÙ\ icj]k' -pjilcj wrfulujgk'k ujGSulyÞ\(Yiryorant); CjhlukzÙjhln\ LiG wJijØjgk'f\; LiG]\ Shl<ÍsxeMjukxx LyjikÞlujgk'jÓ; dêqk Ligksm cÝp\iUiëuksm SdYòëlrA i<jØjgk'k; Ligksm cAc\dlgÙjH Lf\ eh ijPÙjhkxx PGÑÍxkA rjGÖ<jØjgk'k; Lf\ agÍX akyj]k'fjrkA[ -vlgÍX]kA tÓlA KeSulzjØjgk'k; LfjsRy rjGÑlnA[ ijfgnA[ KeSulzA TisuÓlA - cao<ÙjH ixsg YelPlrUakxx dlgUÍxlujgk'k;
Li clao<U>áÍsx rjGÖvj]k'fjrkA KO}jukyÌj]k'fjrkA c<lujØjgk'k; Tf\ KÞl]k'f\ YelueoGÙjulu -nkÍxln\; TfjrkSiÞ dÓ\ SCDgj]k'f\ rlHef\ ssahdshukxx asMlgk YeSpCÙkrj'kaln\; TÍsr sdlÞkigkSÝlX aMk -pjilcj cao<Íxkaluj >ásÌmkdukA Sinalujgk'k; TfjrkSiÞ alM]ØimA rmÙjujgk'fkA -nkÍXfs'; dÓjsRy LidlCjdX -nkÍxlujgk'k; LigjH fs' YelueoGÙjuluiG; eSî Tf\ KeSulzjØjgk'f\ .ogjeîA LicgÍxjhkA c\YfJdxlujgk'k; Qgk dk}j]\ Lf\ dj}nsaæjH aoÙ cS<lpgSrlsml LøSrlSml Svlpj]nA; c\YfJdX ijil<YeluAisg LøSrlSml Sv}SrlSml Svlpj]nA; ijil<A dqjÎlH .GÙlijSRyfjr\ alYfSa LiX]\ LidlCakxxk; LrUgksm dÕjHrj'\ QqjØkdomlrlilÙ còG.ÙjH alYfSa ilÍlio; tæjhkA LiG]\ *tsRy* t' cAô Tfkaluj >ásÌ}\ KeSulzj]lR elmjÓ; Q'kdjH tsRy .GÙlijSRyf\ LsÓæjH tsRy LøSRyf\&Sv}SRyf\ tS' eyulio; iuc³jrkA hjAzÙjrkA ixsg YelPlrUakxx Qgk cao<alujgk'k Lf\;
Ligksm clao<jd cAijPlrA Lmjëlral]ju ajÙkdX LrkcgjØ\ YeeùA vlYdjdaluln\ cAijPlrA svu¹jgj]k'f\; iGÙalrA t'f\ eqauksm -iGÙrA alYfA; Qgk -pjilcjuksm SeG Lulxksm Vluukxx |sfæjhkA dlgnigksm Seglujgj]kA; - dlgnigksm wJijfA TulX -iGÙj]k'k t'ln\ cæh´A; Ligksm ijCIlc cA<jfujH alMsas'l'jÓ; Kxxf\ -iGÙrA alYfA;
aj,UryjdX]\ Tigksm wJijfgJfjsu eMj LyjÎjgk'jÓ; TÍsr dêqkikaluj *d,\msÌmk'*iSglm\ LiG]\ *c<fleA* Sfl'kdukA c\MJhjsRy aqk Lijsm ijfgnA svÕkdukA svu¹k; - ijfgn cYÝpluA fs' LClc\YfJualujgk'k; Lfluf\ ixsguPjdA LPjdlgSYCnjdxkxx Qgk cao<ÙjH tÓliG]kA fkhUalu gJfjujhln\ LiG Lf\ ijfgnA svu¹f\; iuc³luiG Ligksm LPjdlgA TÓlsful]ksa'yjÎ\ aj,Uryjalgkaluj >ásÌmlfluSÌlX dk}jdxkA c\YfJdxkA Tigksm e]Hrj'\ c\MJhjsRy aqk ilÍkdukA LfjsRy LidlCjdxldkdukA svu\fk; Tf\ dêqkijSr]lxkA YeSulzclßUfukxxflsn'\ alYfaÓ c\YfJdX]\ aqkijrluj ekgk,êlsg caJejS]ÞfjÓlflikdukA svu\fk; ijekhalu SflfjH akÝkÞlujgk' alM]ØimÍX]kA YecíjujÓlfluj; wJijfÙjH i' TÙgA alMÍsx rUluJdgj]k' ajÙkdX LiG]kÞlujgk'jÓ; Ligksm ajÙkdX -ij,\dgjØf\ vlYdjdalu -iGÙralsn'k eyÎsÓl; -iGÙrÍX]Ólsf alMsÙ dkyjØkxx ajÙkdX LiG]kÞlujgk'jÓ; Tf\ Ligksm ijCIlccA<jf fs' fdGÙkdxÎk; c\MJH aqkijsRy Kh\elprA LiG]\ dqjulÙfjrlH Tfjrluj aj,Uryjalsg -YCujS]Þji'k; c\MJHaqk KeSulzjØ\ fq]A i'iG]\ dêqk eMlfluj; Tfigksm -YCjffIA iGßjÌjØk; TÍsr YdaÙjH clao<U>áÍX fdG'k; wJijfÙjsRy LGöikA -dG,JufukA r,\msÌ}k; clao<Ulc\fjfIA r,\msÌmkdukA LiG Qgk cao<aÓlfluj fJgkdukA svu\fk;
