dxgjÌuM\[ aGÑvjdjHc[ SwUlfj,A[ vjYfdh fkmÍj rjgiPj ij,uÍX L.Ucj]kdukA e_jÌj]kdukA svu\fjgk' YeCc\falu aÑjuoGdxgj dkmkA>lAzÙjsh LAzalujgk' -G}jc\M\ tA;sd;YCJrjilcR vkaGvjYfdhujH dkmkA>elgÝgUalujÙs' YeliJnUA Srmju iUíjuln\; zkgkiluoG SîYfÙjsh vkaGvjYfÍxkSmfkXsÌsm rjgiPj vjYfÍxksm gvujflilu TSÔ<A zkgkiluoG vkaGvjYfe_rSdYòÙjsRy YejRcjÌhluj Swlhj Srl]Si 1999 wrkigj 20%lA fJufj <{pulZlfA aohA ses}'\ LïgjØk; tA;sd;YCJrjilcrkA ijwudkalG SaSrlrkA SvGs'qkfju TO ShDrA elgÝgU vkaGvjYfÙjrkSiÞj .jÙjcAc\dgnA[ vluÍxksm rjGÑlnA[ fohjdl rjGÑlnA[ iGÏYeSulzA t'jisu]kyjØ\ Yefjelpj]k'k; -G}jc\M\ YCJrjilcR agj]k'fjrk ao'kpjicA akReln\ TgkigkA SvG'\ TO ShDrA eoGÙjul]juf\;
si}kdSÓl T,\mjdSul (eÞkdlhÙ\ si}kdÓ\) siØksd}ju .jÙj YefhÙjH Qgk ijgH (ijCIdGÑlijsRy Qgk ijgH) drÙjH (3; sc;aJ) dkÑluajYCjfA Sfu\]nA; dkÑluA" anH 1"3 t' YdaÙjhln\ ajYCjfA fÕlylS]Þf\; Lmk]xujH KeSulzj]k' LgjÌsdlÞ\ anH LgjØ\ |MikA svyju fgjdX SinA KeSulzj]lR; Qgk ijgH drÙjsRy edkfj.lzA (11&2 sc;aJ;) TO ajYCjfA dkÑluØ}kdAsdlÞ\ *egj]*rluj Sfu\]k'k; dkÑluA%anH ajYCjfA KÞl]k'fjr\ SiÞ sixxÙjH -pUA vkÏlÝkixxj (KOÎlhkixxj) vfØjmkd; LÍsr Qgk pjicA vkÏlÝkixxj djm' sixxÙjH SinA dkÑlu%anH ajYCjfA; dkÑluØ}kdA sdlÞk *egj]*rluj SfØ TO YefhA Qglq\vsdlÞ\ KnÍj]j}kA;
ej'Jm\ dkÑluikA anhkA 1"2 t' YdaÙjshmkÙ\ LgØ\ siÏYeluÙjhl]kd; TO dkÑluanH ajYCjfÙjH dmk] vfØj}sixxA[ dykÙ KÞ CG]gsixxA (eÞkdlhÙ\ CG]gu\]kedgA dgjÝkrJgkeSulzjØjgk'k) t'ji SvGÙ\ *eqk]lR* Tmkd; -pUA SfØ 11&2 sc;aJ; drakxx egj]R YefhA Qglq\vsdlÞ\ KnÍj]j}jufjrk akdxjH Qgk sc;aJ; drÙjH TO ajYCjfA (gÞkao'k pjicAsdlÞk eqkÙf\) dkÑluØ}kdA sdlÞ\ SfØkejmjÌj]kd; Lf\ SfÌk ehdsdlÞ\ rjgÌl]kd; SfÌkehdsdlÞk rjgÌl]ju YefhÙjH dkÑluØ}kdAsdlÞk ajrk]gkf\; TO YefhA KnÍj]j}lR ao'kpjicA SiÞjigkA; Trj Lg sc;aJMG drA >l]jukÞ\; d] rJMjsumkÙ vkÏlÝkdkqÝ\ sixxÙjH dh]kd; akdxjhsÙ dgm\ alMj]xÎ\[ TO sixxA Sisylgk elYfÙjSh]\ edgkd; Lmjujsh dgmkA d]uksm .lzikA dxÎ\ dj}k' vkÏlÝksixxA Qgk anj]oG KOylR siØlH akdxjH sixxA sfxjÎkrjH]kA; TO sixxA dxÎlH LmjujH siÏ Selhkxx Ckß vkÏlÝkdkqÝ\ KOyj]j}kA; sixxajÓlÙ TO vkÏlÝjH eoxÌÎj dkgkikA dgmkA dxÎ\ SvG]kd; TfjsRy LrkelfA vkÏlÝ\" eÎj 3"1 t'ln\; TO ajYCjfA LÑjujH iØgØ\ TOgjqSÙlGÙjH LgjsØmk]kd; >l]jukxx 1&2 sc;aJ; drÙjsRy ak]lH .lzA (gÞk eÌm]rA) TO ajYCjfA SfØkejmjÌj]kd; Tf\ iJfjukxx clPlgn Y>,ksdlÞ\ Sfu\]lA; eÎjukxxfjrlH TO YefhA |dSpCA dUlRilcjrk fkhUaluj h.j]kA; Tf\ Qglq\vsdlÞ\ KnÍj]j}kA; d] rJMjsumkÙ\ siÏ Selshul]ju CkßvkÏlÝkdkqÝjH TxrJGsixxA SvGÙ\ Qgk hlurj KÞl]kd; TfjsRy clYòf eCkijR elhjSRyflujgj]nA; TO hlurj hA>ikA fjgúJrikaluj alyjalyj 30 YeliCUA .jÙjujH iJfjdomju Y>,keSulzjØ\ SfØkejmjÌj]nA; Qgkfin fjgúJraluj svu\ff\ KnÍjulH alYfSa LmkÙ fin hA>aluj svÕlio; TÍsr alyjalyjuln\ TO ajYCjfA vkagjH SfØkejmjÌjS]Þf\; TSflsm Qgk ijgH drÙjsh .jÙjcAc\dgnA eoGÙjuluj; vkagjH ajYCjfA Sfu\]kilR sel}]lxA t' agÙjsRy Sflh\ rJxÙjH vJïj[ fh.lzA vfØ\ Y>,l]juln\ eÞkeSulzjØjgk'f\; dkyØkeSulzjØ Y>,jsRy .lzA SalCalulH - .lzA akyjØkdxÎ\ iJÞkA vfØ\ Y>,l]j KeSulzj]kA; Y>,jsRy ssdÌjmjukA Lfkfs'ulujgj]kA; akyjØkdxÎ\ Y>,\ fJsg svykflulH Sisy SflshmkÙ\ vfØ\ ekfju Y>,kÞl]kA;
vluA KÞl]k' ijPA" vkaÌ\[ aÎ[ eØ[ dykÌ\[ sixx t'jiuln\ vkaGvjYfÙjhkeSulzj]k' LùkrjyÍX; TiujH vkaÌkA aÎukA dÓjH rjs'mk]k'iuln\; dÓksi}kamdxjhkA dk'kdxjhkA vkaÌ\[ aÎ[ t'J dÓkdX dlnlA; rÓ aosÌÙju dÓlsnæjH rÓrjyA dj}kA; TSÌlX dj}k' svÑÏjhkA rÓ dÓkdX dlnlykÞ\; aÎ]lij[ vkaÌkdlij t'jiukA TO ijPA dÓjH rjs'mk]k'iuln\; aodlA>j(dkmwlYpj)ujH rÓ vkaÌk%aÎ dÓkdX h.j]kA; cOeGÏjdujH svxjsuÓlA Seluj fjxÍk' dÓkdX dlnlA; vkaÌkdÓjH ehSÌlqkA aÎuksm LACakÞldkA; LfkSelsh aÎ]ÓjH vkaÌjsRy LACikA KÞldkA; vkaÌjsh aÎ.lzA svÙj]xÎ\ aÎ alYfal]jukA dÓkdX -pUA Cgjul]jsumk]nA; ej'Jmfk r'luj dqkdj Qglq\vSulxA sixxÙjhj}kiu\]kd; sixxÙjH dkfjG' dÓ\ vfØ\ r'luj LgØ\ siÏÌgkial]kd; Lf\ sixxÙjH dh]kd; gÞkao'k anj]oG Lr]lsf iØlH akdxjhsÙ sixxA KOMj]xÎ\ >l]j h.j]k' rÓ vluÙjH iJÞkA sixxsalqjØ\ KOylR iu\]kd; Qgk elYfA LgØfksÞæjH LùkelYfA sixxsalqjØln\ KOylR iu\S]Þf\;
eh fin svxjdxÎ\ KOyjdj}k' dkqÝkegkiÙjhkxx vluA eg' elYfÙjH svyjud}jujH egÙj Lqks]l'kA iJqlsf Qgk fknj vluÙjH sflmlÙ ijPÙjH elYfÙjsRy akdxjH ijgjØ\ rjqhÙksiØ\ (siujhjhÓ) dlMjhkn]kd; ao'krlhk pjicAsdlÞ\ KnÍj]j}kA; ej'Jm\ svyju d,nÍxluj dÙjsdlÞk akyjsØmk]lA; Ti fjgjØkA ayjØkA rjqhÙkiØ\ Kn]jsumk]nA; vkaÌkA aÎukA siSÖsy KÞl]j svyju svyju d,nÍxl]j YeSfUdA elYfÍxjH coîjØkiØ\ tSÌlX SinsaæjhkA KeSulzj]lA;
eØ" rJhuagjuksm ThdX eyjØ\ Qgk elYfÙjhjmkd; Lfk akÍÙ] LxijH sixxsalqj]kd; ao'krlhk pjicA Lf\ LÍsr sixxÙjH djm]lR Lrkipj]kd; LSÌlSqu\]kA ThdX vJÎ\ CgjuldkA; ThdX fjgkÑjÌjqjÎ\ LfjsRy vÞj dxukd; TO sixxA LgjsØmkÙ\ aNelYfÙjshlqjØ\ akdX.lzA fknjsd}j rjqhÙkn]kd; elYfÙjH aj]ilykA dkqÝk eldÙjhluj]j}ju vluA ilqujhujH Lm Selsh egÙj selmjiJqlsf fknj akdxjshlgk]j (fknj vluÙjH sflmgkf\; sfl}lH vluA fknjujH ejmj]kA) rjqhjH dlMÙkn]kd; KnÍj]qjÎlH svyju elxjdxluj Tfk dj}kA; Ti coîjØk iu\]kd; Tfjr\ rJhuagjuksm rjyalujgj]kA; Tfk eØØlual]lR -iCUakxxSÌlX tgkij]y SvG]kd; dmkA eØu\]\ rJhagj domkfhkA TxA eØu\]\ tgkij]y domkfhkA KeSulzj]nA; Tf\ egjvuA sdlÞk arc³jhlS]Þfln\; rJhuagjujh vfØ\ vlsymkÙkn]j tSÌlX SinsaæjhkA KeSulzj]Ù] ijPÙjH coîj]k' efjikakÞ\;
dykÌ\" tsxxÏsulqjØ\ fjgj dÙjØ\ rlxÙjrk akdxjH Qgk aNelYfA dajq\Ùj iu\]kd; rlxÙjsRy dgj aNelYfÙjsRy LdÙ\ eMjÌjmjØkdj}kA; Lfk vkgÞjsumkÙlH dykÙvluA h.j]kA; sixkÌ\" sixkÌ\ sixkÙ .jÙj YefhA fs'uln\; t'lH sixxu\]\ s,uj/\ sdlmk]lR SiÞj Qgk YeSulzakÞ\; SaÎkrm]k' dykÙ eCkijsRy (sd}jÙJMk' eCkiÓ) KnÍlÙ vlndA sixxÙjH dh]j TOgjq fknjujH LgjsØmk]kd; Tfk rjqhjH Kn]j selmjuluj coîj]kd; Tf\ sixxu\]\ s,uj/\ sdlmk]lR KeSulzj]k'k;
fohjd (Y>,\) KÞl]k' gJfj" fohjd ao'kfgakÞ\; coî±A[ aßUA[ c\FohA; fohjduksm LMA sixxA rrØlH iÏA domju Qgk covjuksm doGÙuMÙjsRy drA igk'fln\ coî±A; coî±ÙjsRy ao'jg}j drA igk'fk aßUA; coî±ÙjsRy Lù\&t}\ Tg}j drAigk'f\ c\FohA; i{újdA Prk alcÍxjH aosÌÙj rjH]k' Q'ln\ TÕlAekÓ\; LfjsRy dfjgk akyjsØmkÙk SCDgjØ\ elhjhj}k fjxÌj]kd; Tfk ilqujhujH Qglq\v selfjÎkiØlH KnÍj]j}kA; TiujH QlSgl ekÓluj SiGfjgjsØmkÙ\ ekÓjsh Lc\YfA Selhkxx .lzA akyjØkdxukd; LfjsRy ej'jhkxx .lzA (vjyd\ t'k eyuk' .lzA) QSg rjgÌl]j[ iÏAdkyÎfkA KyÌkxxfkalu rohksdlÞ\ dkmk]j}k sd}jiu\]kd; dikÍjsRy aoÌkxx fmj seRcjhjsRy rJxÙjH svÙj ajrkcsÌmkÙj LfjsRy fhÌÙk aßUÙjH 1&2 sc;aJ; rJxÙjH rlgluASelsh goesÌmkÙjsumk]kd; SrgsÙ dkmk]j}kiØ ekÓ\ rlgluÙjH duMkd; drAdkyÎ KyÌkxx rohksdlÞ\ ixsg akyk]j vkMjØkMj sd}jiu\]kd; |dSpCA 30 vksMæjhkA sdS}ÞjigkA;
SglaA sdlÞkÞl]k' fohjd" eCk]k}juksm svijuksm Kxxjsh SglaA akyjsØmkÙ\ SrgSÙ eyÎSelsh dkmk]j}\ rlgluÙjH KyÌjØ\ coî±[ aßU[ c\Foh fohjddX KÞl]lA; ekÓjSr]lX ajrkcikA iq]ikA TfjrkdomkA;
iHcdGÏ cakp\.kfA SglalnUlplu uóf
fohjdlSYz[ rUScH flrjhlîl>ár SulzUf"@ (vjYfcoYfA)
dj}ShDjrj" eq]Asv' dykÙdÓ\ (ekglndj}A) dk'jR YeSpCÍxjH dlnlA; -}jR dl,\_ÙjsRy -d{fjujhln\ Tfk selfksi dlnsÌmk'f\; Lfk r'luj selmjØ\[ vlndsÌlmj caASvGÙ\ sixxÙjH dkqu\]kd; Lh\eA SiÌjR eC SvGÙflujgj]nA sixxA; TO ajYCjfA rÓ ajrkcakxx YefhÙjH siØ\ vòrÙjgjSelsh rJxÙjH Kgk}jsumk]kd; Tfjr\ rmkijghjsRy rJxikA QgkijPA drakxx vòrÙjgjuksm iÏikA -dlA; Tfk siujhÙk siØ\ Kn]jsumk]lA; dj}ShDjrj sdlÞln\ cAc\dgjØ .jÙjujH YelFajdSgDdX igu\]k'f\; dj}ShDjrj sdlÞk igØf\ alØkdxulR CíjujH KOfkdSul fknjsdlÞk sasÓ f}kdSul svu\flH afj t'fjrlH YelFajdSgDsuqkflR Tf\ LfUkÙaaln\; igu\]lrkxx .jÙjYefhÙjH hA>ikA (Y><\acoYfA) fjgúJrikA (uacoYfA) -uj gÞkSgDdX dj}ShDjrjsdlÞ\ LmulxsÌmkÙk'k; PUlrSC¸ldÙjsh Spifuksm @igi\@ (rjh´\[ TgjÌ\[ djmÌ\ t'J rjhdX) LrkcgjØln\ flhYealnÍX dn]lS]Þf\;
flhYealnÍX" igu\]lrkxx .jÙjYefhÙjH hA>aluj rjh\]k' goesÙ%Y><\acoYfsÙ%caaluj 108 .lzÍxl]lA; TO 108 .lzsÙukA LAzkhA t'k eyuk'k; QgAzkhsÙ 8 -uj .lzjØfjH Q'jsr uiA t'keyuk'k; 12 LAzkhA Qgk flhA; PUlrSC¸ldA arrA svu\f\ LfjH ijigj]k' SpiflgoesÙ ar"YefhÙjH f{e¹juldkAijPA dÞkdqjÎlH Lf\ .jÙjYefhÙjShu\]k edGÙlA; -pUA dj}ShDjrjsdlÞk egjPjSgD igu\]kdukA LfjH SiÞalMÍX igkÙj d{fUal]jufjrkSC,A - SgDu\]k akdxjhosm ixsg Srgju aÎØluAsdlÞ\ tqkfkdukA svÕlA;
vluÍX do}k'ijPA" aÎ&vkaÌk vluÍX" KÞl]jiØ vluÌghkdxksm dosm -gUSiÌjReC 4"1 LrkelfÙjH SvG]nA; (SiÌjsRy agÙjH dÙjsdlÞksi}jiØ\ Qglq\vdqjÎk Srl]kSÝlX LfjH KOyjrjH]k' dyuln\ SiÌjReC; eCujsh dgmkdX dxÎkSinA KeSulzj]kilR); 4"1 t' LrkelfÙjH vluÌghkA SiÌjReCukA dÏjÓlÙ vjg}ujshmkÙ\[ Lh\eA sixxsalqjØ\ ijgHsdlÞk vlhjØ\ a,jgoeÙjhl]nA; (dÏjÓlÙ vjg}ululH dÏjH]omj sixxA ekyÙkiglfjgj]kA; aom\ t'k eyuk' aSMedkfj vjg} tSÌlqkA Q'k svgjSÎ Tgj]o; svgjÎ vjg}ujH flsq svxjuksÞæjH Lf\ KOyjs]lxxkA; sdlYe LmGÙjsumkÙ vjg}uln\ KÙaA; rlxjSdgÙjsRy LACA LSC,akÞldjÓ; KX.lzA i{Ùjul]lrkA txkÌaln\); TO ijPA a,jYeluÙjhl]jsumkÙ vluÙjH rjyÙjsRy fjî\nf tYf dj}nsa'frkcgjØ\ aSrlPGÑikA egjCJhrikA YedlgA SiÞ LxijH sixxSvG]nA; iJÞkA ijgHsdlÞ\ vluA vjg}uksm KxxjshiCÙk SvGÙgØ\ dkyØkSrgA Lr]lsfiu\]kd; TÍsr Lr]lsf iu\S]Þ cauÙ\ vjg}u\]k svgjikiglfjgj]lR fmsiØ\ vjg} SrsgujgkÙnA; igu\]lR cauÙ\ fmalMj vjg}su svgjÎjgj]kilR Lrkipj]kd; svgjÎjgj]k' vjg}ujsh vluÙjsRy akdxjH rjH]k' sfxjÎ .lzÙkalYfA fohjd c´GCjØkSinA vluA KeSulzj]kilR; Lmjujhoyju *a}jH* fohjd c´GCj]lsf YCßj]nA;
eØØluA do}k' ijPA" rJhuagj eghkdX efA igkÙkilrluj igu\]k'fjr\ QgkpjicA akRekfs' sixxÙjH akÍj]jm]Ù]iÏA T}kiu\]kd; r'luj selmjsØmkÙ tgkij]y rJhuagj eghkdxkaluj SvGÙ\ vjg}ujH ijgHsdlÞk vlhjØ\ a,jYelual]kd; ej'Jm\ SiÞrjyÙjsRy dmkÌÙjrkfdkAijPA QOvjfUeoGÖA aSrlPGÑarkcgjØ\ sixxASvG]lA; tgkij]yukA rJhuagjukA caalulH *Cgjulu* eØ dj}kA; dmkAeØ SinsaæjH rJhuagjuksm LACA do}kd; TxA eØuln\ SiÞsfæjH rJhuagjuksm LACA dkyu\]nA;
dykÌkrjyA do}k' ijPA" SrgSÙ KÞl]jiØj}kxx dykÙ a,jsÌlmj Qgk dnjd SiÌjReCukA SvGÙ\[ Lh\eA sixxsalqjØ\ vjg}ujH ijgHsdlÞk vlhjØ\ a,jYeluÙjhl]kd; eCujsh fgjsul'kA ijghjH fmulÙ egkiAisg vlhj]nA; aSrlPGÑA LrkcgjØ\ dkyØksixxikA domjSvGÙ\ dykÌkrjyA do}jiu\]kd;
rjyÍX KeSulzj]k'fjsRy YdaA" aÎ[ vkaÌ\[ eØ[ dykÌ\ t'ln\ rjyakeSulzj]k' YdaA; sixkÌ\ YefhAfs'ulnSÓl; goeÙjsRy egjPjSgDdX aÎsdlÞ\ svu\fkiØj}kÞSÓl; goeÙjH tijsmsuÓlA aÎ SinSal LijsmsuÓlA rlShl LSùl YeliCUA aÎSfØ\ rjyA ejmjÌj]kd; vkaÌkSiÞjmsÙÓlA vkaÌkA KeSulzj]kd; aÎu\]\ s,uj/\ svSÕÞujmÙ\ vkaÌkeSulzjØln\ Lfk rjGÖ<jS]Þf\; aÎgoeÍxksm tÓlÙjsRyukA egjPjSgDukA vkaÌkrjyA sdlÞln\ svSÕÞf\; djgJmA[ -.gnA fkmÍj tijsmigk' aÎ.lzÙkA s,uj/jÍ\ vkaÌksdlÞkfs'uln\ svSÕÞf\; vkaÌjrk S,/jÍ\ SiÞujmÙ\ vkaÌkvluÙjH Lh\eA dykÙ vluA SvGÙ\ KeSulzj]lA;
eØrjyA KeSulzj]k' ijPA" aÎukA vkaÌkA KeSulzjØk dqjukSÝlqkA eØrjyA sdlmkS]ÞujmA sixkÙ .jÙjYefhalujÙs' rjhsdlxxkdulnSÓl; - ëhA akqkirkA -pUA QSg drÙjH Qgkfin aÎsdlÞk rjyu\]kd; Tfk svu\f\ LùkajrjM\ dqjÎ\[ svÝkelYfÙjHSrgSÙ fÕlyl]jiØj}kxx fkgjCkhlurj TO aÎ sdlmkÙ c\FhÙ\ rlShlLSùl fin KeSulzj]kd; LSÌlX Lijsm rÓ rJhrjyalujÙJgkA; LfknÍjuSC,A *rJhuagjtgkij]y*ØluA TfjrkakdxjH r'luj rjyu\]kd; Tf\ rlhùkfin svÕkSÝlX fkgjCjsRy rJhrjyA alyj rÓ eØrjyAdj}kA; dmkAeØ djS}ÞujmÙ\ *rJhuagjtgkij]y*ØluÙjH rJhuagj domkfhkxx ajYCjfA >jòk>jòk]xluj s,uj/ksdlmkÙ\ goesÙ SiÞijPÙjH *Kgk}j*sumk]nA; TfjhkA ixsg]omkfH fJî\nfukA clYòfukA eØrjyÙjrk Sinsa'ksÞæjH Qgk dnjd dykÌkrjyA SvG]lik'fln\; ixsguPjdA clYòalu dmkAeØ SiÞSÌlX Qgk dnjd d}rJhikA KeSulzjØjgk'k; LïgJîÙjH tYf TOGÌaksÞæjhkA eØuksm rjyA aÍlfjgj]lR c<ludaln\;
sixxrjyÎ s,uj/\ rHdk'ijPA" CjiR[ rgcjA<A[ cgcIfj[ hî±nR[ <rkalR fkmÍju goeÍX]\ sixxrjyaln\ efji\; sixxrjyA .jÙjYefhA fs'uln\; t'lH Lfjrk s,uj/ksdlmkÙ\ *Kgk}j*sumk]lR SrgSÙ KÞl]jiØj}kxx *vlndsixxA* KeSulzj]k'k; LSflsm sixkÌjr\ rÓfjx]A dj}kA;
a,jsuqkÙ\%dykÌ\" -pUA vkaÌkrjyA sdlmkÙkrjGÙjuj}kxx tÓl egjPjSgDdX]kA akdxjhosm a,jsdlÞkigu\]k'k; SgDu\]k YelPlrUakxx Sdgx vkaGØjYfÙjH a,jsuqkSÙlsm iGÏÍxkA SgDdxkA fjx]alG'flikA; KRaJhrA" dÏjsh d{,\nanj dykÌka,jsdlÞk rjyØ\ ssvfrUiÙl]k'fln\ KRaJhrA; vjYfgvrujsh LiclrsÙ Traln\ KRaJhrA t' Ydju; Tf\ vjh Lrk,\_lrvmÍkdSxlsmuln\ svÕkd efji\;
