ShldÙjH |sfæjhkA Qgk YeSfUdij.lzÙjHsÌ} |MikA LPjdA -xkdX -SZl,j]k' ckpjrA |fln\# KÙgA Ydjc\fkasc³S'l r>jpjrsaS'l TOc\MG tS'l eyÎlH rak]k sfMj; Lïlgl,\Ym irjfpjraln\ ShldÙjH |MikA LPjdA -xkdX -SZl,j]k'f\; dlgnA ShldwrcADUujH ekgk,êlSg]lX domkfH c\YfJdxlnkxxf\; alGØ\ 8 tÓliG,ikA Lïlgl,\Ym irjfpjraluj -vgjØkigk'k; TO iG,sÙ irjfl pjrlvgnÙjr\ Qgk YeSfUdf domjukÞlujgk'k; 1908 alGØ\ 8 r\ 15[000 c\YfJdX CÝxiGßri\[ Sil}idlCA[ Yei{ÙjcauA dkyu\]H t'J -iCUÍX K'ujØksdlÞ\ rUoSulG]jH rmÙju alGØjsRy 100%lA ilG,jdalujgk'k 2008 alGØ\ 8; 100 iG,A akÝ\ rUoSulG]jsh c\YfJdX cagA svu\f\ SrmjsumkÙ - LidlCÍX wrlPjefUgl,\Ymalu TïUujsh c\YfJdX]\ T'kA Qgk agJvjduln\; eùluÙJglw\ rjuaA aohA fSÔCcIuA.gn ëlerÍxjsh .gnÙjH c\YfJdxksm YelfjrjPUA KyÌkigkÙk'ksÞæjhkA elGhsaRyjsh ëjfj T'kA purJualn\; elGhsaðjhkA rjuac.dxjhkA c\YfJdX T'kA elGCIif\\]gj]sÌ}jgj]kduln\;
ark,UR rlulmjuluj dl}jH icjØjgk' dlhÙ\ ekgk,êlgkA c\YfJdxkA fkhUglujgk'k; dlu\drjdX .îjØkA eØalAcA fj'kA LiG wJijØk Sel'jgk'k; t'lH ej'Jm\ LiG]\ fJujH siï alAcA .îj]k'fjSrlmluj flh\egUA; Lfjr\ LiR dl}kfJ sdmlsf coîjØksiu\]lrluj zk<dxjH c\YfJdsx vkafhsÌmkÙj; edgA ekgk,êlG rlul}jrluj Seluj fkmÍj; dlhvYdA ejs'ukA dyÍj; dl}kfJ fJsÌ}juluj goelïgnA YelejØk; eSî L'\ zk<dxjH fJ sdmlsf coîj]lrluj fÍju c\YfJdX T'kA zk<uldk' Lmk]xujH fs' dkmkÍj wJijfA dqjØk rJ]k'k; ej'Jm\ ark,UR (ekgk,R) afÍxkÞl]j; afYzçÍxkÞl]j;
-pÙjsRy ilgjsuÓjH rj'kA <Ösu c{,\mjØ\ -pÙjsRy ekysd rm]lR <Ösu ijPjØ sspiikA ekgk,rldlSr clPUfukxxo; @r c\YfJ cIlfYïUaG<sf@ t'\ eyÎ arkikA ekgk,iGzÿÙjHsÌ}ulX fs'; c\YfJdsx eGÔu\]kxxjH Qfk]ju DkylR gvjØ ak<Ñp\ r>jukA ekgk,iGzÿÙjsRy iíli\ -ujgk'k; .oajSuukA gl,\YmÍSxukA c\YfJuluj cæHÌj]kSÝlqkA Liuksm vgjYfsÙ TAz¸J,jhl]juSÌlX *LisRy dF* t'GöA igk' History t' epA KeSulzjØigkA ekgk,êlG fs'; drUdSuukA SiCUSuukA LSrI,jØk rm]kSÝlqkA Liuksm ekÓjAzsÙ dsÞÙlR dqjulfl]jufkA LiR fs';
eSî c\YfJdsx cao<ÙjsRy .lzaluj dÞjgk' tYfSul a<lêlG KÞlujgk'k; ,khlajÙ\ EuGc\SMlN fsRy The Dialectics of Sex t' d{fjujH c\YfJdsx]kyjØ\ eglaGCjØjgj]k'f\: vgjYfegaluj iJîj]kSÝlX ark,UdkhsÙ akS'l}k ruj]k'fjH ekgk,êlgkSmfjSr]lX ihju eæ\ c\YfJdxkSmflujgk'k t'kA ark,UiGzsÙ ekrgkHÌlpjÌj]k'fjsRyukA SelMj ixGÙk'fjsRyukA dmkÙ ulfrdxkA .lgikA |syukA i<jØf\ c\YfJdxlujgk'k t'kaln\; y,Uujsh irjfpjrA SpCJuLiPjuluj YeDUlejØksdlÞ\ a<lrlu shrjR eyÎf\: Lmk]xujsh LmjaÙsÙ svyk]lrkxx pjicalnjsf'kA tÓlÙgA LmjØaGÙhkdSxlmkA iJ}kSwlhjuksm djglffISÙlm\ Lgksf'\ eyulR c\YfJdX]\ dqjunsa'kaln\; 1977 H alGØ\ 8 Shldirjfl pjraluj LAzJdgjØksdlÞ\ stdUgl,\Ym c. rmÙju eglaGCikA YCSßualn\; Shld calPlrA ssdigj]k'fjrkA clao<jdekSglzfj]kA ark,UlidlCcAgînÙjrkA cIlfYïUÙjrkA LrkSeînJualuj SiÞf\ c\YfJdxksm YdjulådikA fkhUrjhujhkxx eælxjÙikaln\ t'\ uk;tR; LAzJdgjØ YeSauÙjH eyuk'f\; rÑksm sdlØk SdgxÙjH SelhkA c\YfJijSalvrÙjrluj Selglmju rjgiPj Kpl<gnÍX voÞj]l}lA; ij;mjuksm Lmk]xujH rj'kA LgÍSÙ]\ t' rlmdA TO gAzsÙ Qgk ije¸iA fs'ulujgk'k;
TO iG,sÙ irjflpjrSÙlmrk>ájØ\ rm' Qgk vmÍjH iØ\ rÑksm -SglzUaYïj ej;sd; YCJafj SdgxÙjsh selfkëhÍxjH c\YfJdX]luj YeSfUdA dAEG}\ c\SM,rkdX enjuksa'\ YeDUlej]kdukÞluj; Tf\ fjdØkA cIlzflG<aln\; ulYf svÕk' c\YfJdX Srgjmk' |MikA purJualu ëjfjijSC,alujgj]kA Tfjhosm egj<gj]lR Seldk'f\; TSf cOdgUÍX c\YfJdX SwlhjsvÕk' cIdlgU ëlerÍxjhkA KyÌkigkÙlR ><kalrsÌ} aYïj YCßjS]Þfln\; c\YfJdxksm LidlCÍsx]kyjØ\ ilSflglsf YecAzjØk rm]k' rÑksm gl,\YmJuSrfl]êlG dÞj}kA dlnlsf Selufluj rmj]k' Qgk ij.lzA cIdlgU Srq\ckalsguln\ TO irjflpjrÙjH LifgjÌj]k'f\;
SdgxÙjsh cIdlgU -CkeYfjdxjH Swlhj svÕk' Srq\ckalgksmukA smd\rj]H c\MlEjsRyukA wJijfA ixsg purJualn\; Tijsm LiG]\ sflqjH KyÌln\: eSî CÝxÙjr\ KyÌjÓ; -ujg]n]jr\ seNdk}jdsxuln\ cIdlgU -CkeYfj]lG vo,nA svÕk'f\; t}k anj]oG Swlhj[ t}k anj]oG ijYCaA[ t}k anj]oG Ky]A t'f\ -Szlx rjuaaln\; sflqjhlxjdxksm LidlCÍsx]kyjØ\ TïUujsh aMk cAëlrÍxjsh wrÍsx]lX domkfH Lyjikxxigln\ ahulxjdX; cAZmrsdlÞ\ CígldkilR YCJ rlglunzkgk SYegjÌjsØæjhkA LSÔ<A arc³jH SelhkA vjïj]lÙisg isg cAZmjÌjØ\ rÑX YeCc\fgluj; LÍsr SdgxÙjsh SiCUdX]k isg cAZmrukÞluj; LiG]kSiÞj ilpj]kilR -xkdxkA KÞluj; LcAZmjfSaDhujH isg uonjurkdX KÞluj; TSÌlqjfl stMj gAzÙkA uonjurkdX dlHakYp efjÌjØk dqjÎk; t'lH cAZmruksÞæjhkA cAZmjfgÓlÙ Qgk ij.lzA sflqjhlxjdxln\ SdgxÙjsh cIdlgU -CkeYfjdxjsh Srq\cjAb\[ smd\rj]H SaDhujsh Swlhj]lG;
-SzlxfhÙjH Srq\cjAb\ gAzÙkÞldk' sflqjhicgÍxksm LrïclPUf arc³jhl]juln\ T'\ 90 CfalrA gîjfl]xkA Ligksm a]sx Srq\cjAb\ e_jÌj]k'f\; arc³jÓlarSc³lsmulsnæjhkA Qgk Swlhj KyÌlsn' fjgjØyji\ seNdk}jdsx TO gAzSÙ]\ domkfH LmkÌj]k'k; TO seNdk}jdxksm dn]k eyÎln\ SdgxÙjH cIlYCusa/j]H SdlSxwkdX]kSiÞj akyijxjdomjufkA Li ëlej]lR t;sd; -ðnjuksm aYïjc. fJgkalrsamkÙfkA; dglG YedlgA 50"50 t' alrpéA SelhkA dlMjH eyÙju cIdlgUakfhlxjalG[ -ðnjSuukA QÌA rÑksm seNdk}jdsxukA eMjØk; rÑksm cÝÙ\ LrUcAëlrSÙ]\ QqkdjSeldk'k t'fln\ LiG dsÞÙju egag<cUA; eSî T'kA 75 CfalrA seNdk}jdxkA aAzhlekgÙkA >lAz¸ogjhkA ss<Ypl>lpjhkA aMkaln\ e_j]k'f\; LfksdlÞlnSÓl Tmu\]jm]\ Srq\cjb\ ijpUlGöj -å<fU svu\fk t' ilGÙdX rlA SdXS]Þj igk'f\; e_rdlhÙ\ ClgJgjdikA alrcjdikaluj vo,nA svÕsÌ}\ Lfjsr LfjwJijØ\ ekyÙkigk' seNdk}jdX |sfæjhkA cIdlgU S<lc\ejMhjH SwlhjujshÙjulH clÝÙjdalukA T]o}G vo,nA svÕk'k; TÍsr SdgxÙjsh cIdlgU sa/j]H SdlSxwkdxm]A svykfkA ihkfkalu S<lc\ejMhkdxjhkA /uz\Srlc\M\d\ scðykdxjhkA hl>kdxjhkA enjsumk]k' seNdk}jdX Lfjijpz\ßaluj vo,nA svÕsÌmkduln\; ekysa iR scMÌkdxkA egcUÍxkA rHdj t}kdlhj ihijgjØjgj]k'fkSelsh ihijgjØ\ Sglzjdsx dClÌksvÕk' Q}kaj] -CkeYfjdxjhkA Swlhjsumk]k' rq\ckalgksmukA smd\rj]H c\MlEjsRyukA CÝxA Sd}lX rÑX ao]Ùk ijgH iØkSeldkA; S>lsÞ' SegjhkA Yeld\mJc\ t'SegjhkA Srq\cjb\ e_j]k' seNdk}jdsx sdlÞ\ fs' Lflf\ ëlerÍxjH SwlhjsumkÌjØ\ aMkxxigksm sflqjhicgÍX TÓlfl]k'k; -fkgScirA t'fjsRy LGöA Sglzjdsx Scij]kdsu'Ó ayjØ\ Srq\ckalgkA aM\ c\MlEkdxkA S<lc\ejMhkdX]k rHdk' YEJ ScirA t'fln\;
cIdlgU Srq\cjb\ gAzsÙ YeC\rÍX egj<gj]k'fjrkA Ligksm sflqjH cauA 8 anj]oyl]j rjwsÌmkÙk'fjrkA aMkA SiÞ rmemjdX tmk]ksa'\ sflqjH idkÌ\ aYïj ej;sd; zkgkplcR Qgj]H Yec\flijØjgk'k; t'lH rlxjfkisguluj}KA Qgk fkmGrmemjdxkA idkÌkfhÙjH rj'kA KÞluj}jÓ; Sglzjdsx djmÙj vjdjñj]k' -CkeYfjdxjH 3 ,jE\Mluj}ln\ /Uo}jsuæjhkA cIdlgU ëlerÍxjH Lf\ gÞ\ ,jE\Ml]j vkgk]j; glijsh 8 anj akfH ssidkS'gA 5 anjisguln\ S/ /Uo}j; TfjrjmujH 5 ajrj}\ SrgA KØ.înÙjr\ cauA dsÞSÙÞf\ c\MlEjsRy KÙgilpjfIA -n\; vjh cauÍxjH KØu\]\ KOnkdqj]lR SelhkA TiG]\ clPj]lyjÓ; ssidkS'gA 5 anj akfH glijsh 8 anjisg ssrM\ /Uo}j; Lfluf\ 15 anj]oG /Uo}j; TfjrjmujH Srq\ckalG KyÍk'kSÞl[ ijYCaj]k'kSÞl t'\ LSrI,j]kilrluj scdUogjMj]lsg vkafhsÌmkÙjujgj]k'k; Q}kaj] S<lc\ejMhkdxjhkA Srq\ckalgksm akyjdxjH Qgk ElSrl[ Tgj]lR Qgk dScgSul TmlyjÓ; dlgnA TiG /Uo}j cauÙ\ Lh\ecausaæjhkA yoajshÙj dlMkA sdlÞ\ Tgk'lShl t' Semj; sspiA c<lujØ\ SdgxÙjH Tmu\]jmu\]\ ijgk'\ iglykxx edGØÌrjdX aohA cIdlgU -CkeYfjujsh Srq\ckalgksm Kxx Ky]A domj r,\maluj;
t'lH edGØÌrj *-SZl,* cauÙ\ -CkeYfj alSrw\saRy\ SdlmjdX sdlÕkSÝlX Srq\ckalG]\ dj}k' CÝxA LiG]\ rle\djR ilÍlR SelhkA fjduk'jÓ; Sdl}uÙkxx YeakD /uz\Srlc\Mjd\ scðykdxjsh Srq\cjb\[ smd\rj]H c\MlEjsRy CÝxA Sd}lH -gkA LSÕ t'k eyÎkSeldkA; alcA 500 KA 600 KA goe CÝxÙjr\ Swlhj svÕk' smd\rj]H c\MlE\ KÞ\ Tijsm; ulYf]ohj dqjØlH >l]j dj}k'f\ tYfulsn'\ KO<j]lik'Sfukxxo;
Sdl}uÙjrmkÙ\ exxA t' ëhÙkrj'\ i'\ Swlhj svu\fjgk' Qgk seNdk}j 6 alcSÙlxA Swlhj Srl]juj}kA Lùk rulssec SelhkA CÝxA dj}lsf cIuA ejgjÎkSelu cA.iA isgukÞluj TfjH Qgk ëlerÙjH; 5 akfH 7 iG,A isguluj SwlhjsvÕk' c\MlEjrkSelhkA 2000 goeujH LPjdA sdlmk]lyjÓ; >j;tc\;cj; tA;tH;Mj e_jØ dk}jdX]\ sdlmk]k' |MikA KuG' CÝxA 2000 goeuln\; t'lH TO dk}jdX ijSpCÙ\ Swlhj Srl]julH hîÍX dj}ksa'fjH ulsflgk cACuikA SiÞ; fêohA smd\rj]H c\djH Kxx sa/j]H c\MlEjsRy ScirA SdgxÙjsh <f.lzUglu SglzjdX]\ dj}lsf Seldk'k; Tsflgk Kpl<gnA alYfaln\; TfkSelsh fs'uln\ aM\ cIdlgU ëlerÍxjshukA ëjfj;
tc\;tc\;tH;cj egJî dqjuk'Sflmkdomj cIdlgU elglsa/j]H ëlerÍxksm egcUÍX igildkA; TigjH ehgkA LAzJdlgajÓlÙigkaln\; Sdl}uA wjÓujsh dkyijhÍlm\ Tfjr\ Yecjßaln\; fÍxksm ëlerÙjH rj'kA e_jØjyÍk'iG]\ Swlhj KyÌkA svÕlykÞ\ ehgkA; eSî CÝxA tYfdj}kA t'\ alYfA Svlpj]gkf\; dj}k'Sfl alcÙjH 500%600 goe; SdYòsflqjH KyÌkrjuaA Yel>hUÙjH i'k dqjÎk; LfjRYedlgA fSÔCcIuA.gnëlerÍxjH Segk gwjc\MG svu\flH 125 goeSulxA pjicdohj dj}k' Swlhj dj}ksa'\ KyÌkxxSÌlqln\ alcA 500 goe CÝxA dj}k' Swlhju\]luj elq\ilz\plrA svÕk'sfS'lG]nA; eSî TO c\YfJdxksm YeC\rÍsx]kyjØ\ e_j]kilSrl Liu\]\ egj<lgA dlnkilSrl -G]kA ulsflgk flf\egUikajÓ; sflqjhlxjdxksmukA c\YfJdxksmukA LidlCÍX]kSiÞj cagAsvu\f\ ixG' aYïjalG .gj]k' rÑksm rl}jsh cIdlgU S<lc\ejMhkdxjsh E\SxlyRc\ ssrMjAzHckalgksm gíA KOMj]kmj]k' cIdlgU ëlerÍsx]kyjØ\ LSrI,nA rmÙlrkA LijmÍxjH SwlhjSrl]k' sflqjhlxjdxksm SwlhjcauA dkyu\]k'fjrkA saØsÌ} SifrA KyÌkigkÙk'fjrkA ><kalrsÌ} aYïjalglu ej;sd; YCJafj mJØykA ej;sd; zkgkplcrkA YCßsvhkÙksa'\ rak]k ijCIcj]lA;
